Prepare for frost with these handy tips
Harvest ripe fall fruit, such as persimmons, that may be damaged by frost. Kathy Morrison
After a very warm October, we’re now shivering at night.
It may seem extra early, but frost is in the forecast for the next several nights – especially in the foothills. Downtown Sacramento is expected to see overnight lows dipping into the low 30s.
It’s a shock to our systems – and our plants, too. October averaged afternoon highs of almost 83 degrees – four degrees above normal. Three weeks ago, we were still seeing days in the high 80s.
Storms earlier this week dropped 0.97 inches on Sacramento – and kept overnight temperatures in the upper 40s. But with clear skies come cold nights. According to the National Weather Service, Sacramento can expect lows in the 30s all next week with frost warnings early Monday and Tuesday.
In several recent years, Sacramento’s first frost hasn’t hit until mid- to late December. But historically, frost can bite us any time between early November and the first day of spring. In 2020, we had our first frost warning Nov. 10, although actual freezing temperatures didn’t hit until two weeks later.
Like any challenge, it’s best to be prepared. Have your frost cloths handy and be ready to bundle up your garden when the forecast predicts 32 degrees or colder. Especially at risk are new transplants.
Keep these frost tips handy, too:
* If there is a frost warning, cover your sensitive plants with frost cloth, blankets or cloth sheets (not plastic) before sunset so radiant heat will help keep them cozy.
* Remember to uncover plants during the day (especially if it’s sunny) or they can be smothered by their frost protection.
* Harvest ripe fruit that may be harmed by frost. Don't let pomegranates and persimmons freeze on the tree. The same goes for early citrus such as lemons, limes or mandarins.
* Citrus trees (particularly young trees) tend to be susceptible to frost damage. Limes are the most frost tender. Make sure they get some protection before frost hits.
* Wrap trunks of young citrus trees to insulate them from frost.
* Holiday lights – the old-fashioned kind that get hot, not LEDs – can help keep plants warm, too. Wrap a string of lights around the trunk and branches. Keep the lights on all night.
* With some exceptions, keep plants watered. Frost injury occurs when ice crystals form on leaf surfaces and draw moisture out of the leaf. The damage from dehydration is what causes frost burn.
* The exemption to this rule are cacti and succulents, where saturation can cause more damage. Also, such tropical plants as bananas and hibiscus may rot if over-saturated before frost, so they prefer to be kept on the dry side.
* Don’t overprotect. Plants are more frost resistant if they’ve experienced some cold weather and winter hardening.
* If frost damage occurs, wait until March or April to prune off browned branches. That injured area will help protect the rest of the plant from further frost burn.
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Garden Checklist for week of Nov. 3
November still offers good weather for fall planting:
* If you haven't already, it's time to clean up the remains of summer. Pull faded annuals and vegetables. Prune dead or broken branches from trees.
* Now is the best time to plant most trees and shrubs. This gives them plenty of time for root development before spring growth. They also benefit from fall and winter rains.
* Set out cool-weather annuals such as pansies and snapdragons.
* Lettuce, cabbage and broccoli also can be planted now.
* Plant garlic and onions.
* Keep planting bulbs to spread out your spring bloom. Some possible suggestions: daffodils, crocuses, hyacinths, tulips, anemones and scillas.
* This is also a good time to seed wildflowers and plant such spring bloomers as sweet pea, sweet alyssum and bachelor buttons.
* Rake and compost leaves, but dispose of any diseased plant material. For example, if peach and nectarine trees showed signs of leaf curl this year, clean up under trees and dispose of those leaves instead of composting.
* Save dry stalks and seedpods from poppies and coneflowers for fall bouquets and holiday decorating.
* For holiday blooms indoors, plant paperwhite narcissus bulbs now. Fill a shallow bowl or dish with 2 inches of rocks or pebbles. Place bulbs in the dish with the root end nestled in the rocks. Add water until it just touches the bottom of the bulbs. Place the dish in a sunny window. Add water as needed.
* Give your azaleas, gardenias and camellias a boost with chelated iron.
* For larger blooms, pinch off some camellia buds.
* Prune non-flowering trees and shrubs while dormant.
* To help prevent leaf curl, apply a copper fungicide spray to peach and nectarine trees after they lose their leaves this month. Leaf curl, which shows up in the spring, is caused by a fungus that winters as spores on the limbs and around the tree in fallen leaves. Sprays are most effective now.
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