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By Sharan Street
Published Nov 28, 2022

The California Constitution, as it looked in 1849. The California Constitution, as it looked in 1849. Image credit: California State Archives   Public Domain

11-28-22: Living Document

Local news is our core obsession here at California Local. But just as significant to our daily life is the state’s complex system of governance, which—like the United States itself—is divided into three branches. The legislative branch makes laws, the governor has the power to execute those laws, and the state’s multi-level judicial system interprets the laws and passes judgment on those who break them.


Conquests and Constitutions

All of this is outlined in the California Constitution. Unlike its national counterpart, which has been amended just 27 times, California’s 1879 document has been tinkered with more than 500 times. As California Local writer Jonathan Vankin notes, it is the eighth-wordiest constitution in the world. Naturally, there’s a complicated history behind how it came into being, and Vankin surveys it all, from the Napoleonic era to the present. Serving as a companion piece is an article recently published by California Local Media Alliance member Monterey County Weekly, in which writer David Schmaltz looks at one particular moment in time on the road to California becoming part of the United States.


California’s Governmental Structure: From Chaos to Compromise

California's State Capitol, seat of a government with a colorful history, to say the least.
California's government was born out of utter chaos. Here's how the state developed some sort of order to the way it operates, and how it makes and enforces laws.

Point in Time

A historical marker commemorates the Battle of Natividad, which took place in the Salinas Valley.
David Schmaltz outlines a pivotal point in California history in his Monterey County Weekly cover story on the Battle of Natividad.


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Santa Cruz Baroque Festival logo Santa Cruz Baroque Festival

The Santa Cruz Baroque Festival has been active since 1974, presenting early music as it sounded in its own era. Members strive for artistic excellence while transmitting the joy of Baroque music to future generations.

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From Our Media Allies

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Santa Cruz Local logo Accessible Playground Plan Advances in Capitola

Plus: Free holiday parking starts.

San Lorenzo Valley Post logo Potty Talk: A Story about San Lorenzo Valley’s Waste Management

Supervisors are struggling to find the right regulatory balance when it comes to trying to protect our waterways without hurting homeowners and CZU fire families still struggling to rebuild.

Press Banner logo Scotts Valley Brookdale Residents Face Steep Rent Hikes

Nine months after he moved into the Brookdale Senior Living long-term care facility, Kermit Sveen was hit with a 17.6% rent increase.

The Pajaronian logo Land Trust Conserves 178 Acres of Farmland

The Land Trust of Santa Cruz County has secured a conservation easement for the 178-acre Tynan Ranch, located one-half mile from Watsonville’s current urban growth line.

Good Times logo Trailblazing Comedian Karin Babbitt Returns

The Ben Lomond funnywoman, who will perform Dec. 3 at Greater Purpose Brewery, talks about coming back to comedy after hitting the glass ceiling.

Good Times logo Environmental Groups in Santa Cruz Gives Connect Communities with Nature

A look at how local nonprofits are protecting our ecosystems.

Monterey County Weekly logo Citizen Science Project Underway to Count California’s Monarch Butterflies

The best pathway toward protecting the monarchs is through data collection, which is taking place right now through Dec. 4, up and down the California coast.

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Recent Local News

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• Ecosystems and Rural Communities Will Bear the Brunt of Intensifying Drought

Drought, human-caused climate change, invasive species and a “legacy” of environmental issues are permanently altering California’s landscape and placing some communities and ecosystems at increasing risk.

(11/24/2022) → Santa Cruz Sentinel

• Santa Cruz Program Seeks to Curb Residents’ Carbon Footprint

Resilient Santa Cruz program attempts to curb residents’ carbon emissions through an online platform.

(11/23/2022) → Santa Cruz Sentinel

• Work-From-Home Culture Takes Root in California

New U.S. Census Bureau data shows a large segment of Californians are working from home for part or all of the week. Researchers say the shift will ripple through the broader economy in ways big and small.

(11/22/2022) → Monterey Herald

• How a Progressive Came From Behind to Win a Supervisorial Seat

Justin Cummings trailed Shebreh Kalantari-Johnson by nearly 5 percentage points after Election Day. More than a week later, he pulled ahead, giving credence to the local axiom that Santa Cruz progressives just vote later.

(11/21/2022) → Read the full Lookout Local report